Starting device for burners.



A. A. BALL, JR. STARTING DEVICE FOR BURNERS.

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Patented Nov. l, 1910.

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A. A. BALL, JR. STARTING DEVICE FOR BURNERS.

APPLIGATION FILED JAN. 24, 1902. 9749 A l l OFF-mf AUGUSTUS A'. BALL," .m.,'oi'i rinvii, MASSACHUSETTS, Ass-xenon, BY Mnsnn ASSIGN- MENTS, 'ro GENERAL ELECTRIC CCMPANY,'A CoRronA'rroN voF NEW Yomn STARTING-DEVICE FOR BURNERS.

Specicatioxi of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. i, 1910.

ip niip'iieationaiea January 24, i902. serirnaetoia.

I To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AUGUSTUS A.. BALL, J r., a citizen of the United States, residing at Lynn, county of Essex, State of Massai cliusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements .in Starting Devices for Burners, of which the following is a specification.

Hydrocarbon burners as vordinarily cou- Stiucted require'an auxiliary starting device. OneA type of burner witlrwhich. I am familiar utilizes,- in starting, the liquid fuel from `the main tank or other source of supply, while another type requires that the initial 4heating for starting be accomplished by some l.auxiliary means, using alcohol,

' gasolene, or some similar material.

' '-.My invention relates to the former type of--startinff devices andhas for its object to- 2oimprove tIieir construction and operation.

The Scope of the invention will be more fully described and claimed hereinafter.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate an embodiment of my invention, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the vehicle with certain of the parts broken away; Fig. 2-.is a plan view of the burner and starting device; Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the burner and starting device with certain of the partsbroken away; Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the nozzle for supplying fuel to theA starting device; Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the nozzle for supplying fuel to the main burner, and Fig. 6 is aview illustrating a slight modification where a single tank is employed to furnish .air-pressure for Astart- Y ing and fuel for the system.

1 represents a spring-supported vehicle body, which is mounted on wheels 9.. In order to simplify the matter of illustration, the steering mechanism and certain of the other parts have been omitted. Situated within the vehicle -body is a boiler 3, of any suitable construction, and located below the boiler is a burner 1. Secured tothe under side-of the floor of the body in any suitable manner are a fuel tank 5 and an air tank 6. Steam from the boiler is utilized in the en*- gline 7 Afor propelling the vehicle through suitable gearing Ainclosed in the case 8. y

Referring more particularly to Figs. 2 and 3,39 represents the casing which surrounds theY burner 4. The burner is circular in out- 'wise secured to the casin Extendingfrom th'e tube is a support 20, on which is mounted thestarting cup 21, the

line and isclosely fitted into the lower end ofthe boiler casing. Any suitable type of burner utilizing hydrocarbon vapor may be employed, the one shown in the drawings representing a type which I have found. to be satisfactory. It consists of top and bottom plates 10 and 11, which are perforated to receive the air-carrying tubes 1.2, the latter` being surrounded by a series of burner openings 13. The sides of the .burner are closed in by a circular wall 11. Between the top and bottom plates and the side wall a niixing chamber .is formed for receiving vapor -antl air from the injection tube 15'. I haveA found the injection type of burner .to operate very satisfactorily in connect-ion with my improved-starting device, but I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the particular kind of burner shown, since the start-- ing device is capable of being used with A biiriieis of varying characters.

Situated abovel the burner 'at apoint where it can be acted upon bv the flames is a vlaporizing tube 16. The tube is coiled in a manner to present an extended area to the dames in order that the liquid fuel sliallfbe fully vaporized before entering the burner nozzle. Oneend ofthe vaporizer is connected by the pipe 17 with the fuel tank 5, while the other en'd is connected to the main nozzle. It is necessary with a system of this kind to pnt the fuel under pressure in order to force it through the vaporizer and in to the burner nozzle. This may be done, as in the present inst-ance, by subjecting the tank.

lwhen vthe `demand for steam is great, it may be kept in continuous operation. The auxiliary 'vaporizer tube is inclosed in a cylindrical casing 19, which is bolted or'other- 9 of the boiler.

latterE being held in -place by spring clips 22, or other suitable means. Surrounding the cup 21, in a manner to protect it from gusts of wind, is a casing 23, provided with an l after explained..

,out the use ofthe casing. The lamp is provided with a downwardly extent ing handle 25, which 1s used when 1t is desired to extinguish the flame, aswill be herein- One end of the auxiliary vaporizer 18 is connected by the pipe 2G with the main.

burner nozzle 27. Fuel from the main vaporizer is admitted to the main burner noz zle through the pipe 2S, and it will be seen that this pipe is located above the opening leading into pipe 26, the latter being connected to the auxiliary burner. 'l`o put the mattei' in a different way, the passage coniinunicating with Ithe pipe 2G is beyond the pipe 28 and the nozzle opening. 'l`he object ot' this arrangement is to insure that all of the oil shall be drained out of the nozzle opening. I have found that when a body of relatively cool oil is caught between :t body of vapor andthe opening in the vburner nozzle, and is ejected therefrom, it will Acause the burner to give ott' a' disagreeable odor due to incomplete combustion, andto produce soot, but. where vthe parts are arranged as shown in Fig. 5 this objection is entirelyy obviated.

ln order to regulate the supply of' fuell to the injection tube 15 an adjustable valve 2f) is employed. This valve isprovided with a reduced end having a conical tip which seats itself on a surface formed at the en trance of the nozzle openine'.v The object in providing the reduced portion is to enable the fuel from the vaporizer pipe 2S to flow past it into and through the pipe 2G to Y the auxiliary vaporizer. 'llie supplyot' fuel to the auxiliary vaporizer .is under the-control of the valve 30 located ou the 'main nozzle support. `he object in .placing the valve 530 on the inaiu nozzle support ol' structure is to prevent. the accuiiuilation of oil in the pipe 20. A\ftcr the parts have been properly heated, the valve 2i), adn'iitting vapor tothe nozzle, can be opened and the valve f-ltl, controlling tlie fuel supply to the auxiliary vaporizer, closed.

'lhe outer end ol the auxiliary vaporizer 18 is connected to an auxiliary nozzle 31, which is provided with a fuel passage J2 and aii air passage 33. The fuel passage 3Q is in communication with the tube of the auxiliary vaporizer, while the passage il'is .in communication with the air tank (i,

through the pipe 34. l Valves .aii'd f-lt are provided for cutting oft' the supply of fuel and air to the passages 32-aiid 23. ,'lhe auxiliary nozzle 31 at starting operates as 'eoinplete combustion.

air to'supply the auxiliary nozzle.

taining air .under lressure.

an atomizer, and the fuel, after passing through the upper passage 3Q, iningles with the air from the 4passage 33, thus forming an inflammable mixture which is fired by the flame from the starting cup 21.

In starting the system into operation the valve 35, in the auxiliary nozzle, is opened, thus permitting fuel to flow into the starting cup 21, which can be moved toward the nozzle for this purpose. After the cup has received a suflicient amount of fuel it is moved to its normal position and lighted, and the valve 36, admitting air to the. passage 33, is opened; this causes an inflammable mixture which is fired by the flame from the starting cup. After the atoinizer or auxiliary nozzle has been iii operation long enough to heat the auxiliary vaporizing tube 1S to the proper temperature, the supply of air niay be cut ott by closing the valve 36. Under this condition of operation the vapor which is discharged from the nozzle will traverse the tube 19, and draw with it an amount of air sutlicient. to cause The llamesl issuing from the tube strike the inain vaporizer near the inain nozzle, and as soon as it is suf fieiently heated the niain nozzle will discharge vapor through the injection tube into the interior of the burner, and after it passes through the fuel openings 13 ignition ywill take place, .due to the flames from the starting device. After the main vaporizer has been suitably heated, the auxiliary,

vaporizer may be cut off by closing'the valve 30. In order to put. out the flame of .the startiiig cup, the latter is raised by the handle until it is inline with the air carrying passages in the auxiliary nozzle '31; the air-controlling valve 3G is then opened and the jet of air under pressure will put out the`cup.

l have shown Vtwo tanks, one containing air and the other containing fuel; the former inay with :ulvantage contain about 25() cubic inches, while the latter may have a capacity of about seven gallons. l do not however liniit ii'iyself to any specified capacity for either ofthe tanks. Instead of uitilizing separate tanks, one for air and the other for fuel, inay use only a single tank. and take lherefroni the necessary amount of With systems utilizing fuel under air pressure, it is'custoniary to leave a fairly large air space in the, tank, and this space inay be .plaeed'in direct coinn'iuni'fation with the auxiliary nozzle, as shown in Fig. (i. lnA this figure 5 represents the fuel tank con- Fuel is conveyed therel'ioin to the inain vaporizer by the pipe '17. At the upper end of the tank is a pipe 34 which conveys air under pi'es. sure to the auxiliary nozzle.

Under ordinary conditions of running, the

I auxiliary `'vaporizer i' andits nozzle are ."cut

out of f circuit, as the 'main 'vaporizer is of sufficient' capacity to supply the lnecessary vapor. When however the demand on 'the boiler for'steam' i s exceptionally heavy the auxiliary vaporiz'er and its' n'ozzle may be continuedin service. TheI action v'of the:

latter can take place' wit-hout materially decreasing the pressure in the air tank 6.

It is of great advantage to have a starting,r -device Which depends fo'rits fuel upon that carried in the supply tanlnifor it thus dis-I penses with an auxiliary su'pply of fuel,

which may be expensive and is frequently 'llie'staitinr de! inconvenient to obtain. U v vice illustrated issirnple in construction, acts quickly, and will. start the burner into operation' without smoke or soot, if properly The products -of combustion that handled. pass through the auxiliary vaporizer strike the coils of the main vaporizer at or near the' nozzle'end, and .then pass through the boiler, thus tending to warm it.

e'a'veby the regulr lines, thereby dispensing with yauxiliary discharge pipes. The

starting `device is connected to the main nozzle .and also to the tanksl by unions, so

that it is asimplematter to remove it for the purpose of cleaning, or otherwise. The` vaporizers and nozzles are connected 'in series relation and all receive fuel from the same source', z. e., the tank or other source of supply 5; it thus becomes a simple matter to Start and stop the operation of the system.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes,I have described the principle of operation of my invention together with the apparatus which I non: consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but I desire to have it understood that the adparatus shown is only illustrative, and that4 the'invention can be cari'ied out by other means,

What I claim-as new and desire to secure y'Letters Patent ofthe United States, is,'-

1. In combination, a buiiier havingr mixing chamber, a casing for the burnera` 'nozzle adjacent the periphery of the burner .casing which discharges fuel into said chambeig'a main vaporizer arrangedabove V`the'burner-lwithin the casingan auxiliary.

jv'aporlzer 'having a casing secured to the `burner casing and opening into it above said burner-and adjacent the main vap oiizer, a

ihelical coil lwithin vthe auxiliary vaporizerv casing, a' starting nozzle axially arranged adjacent the outer end of the coil and con.

nected therewith which discharges itsfianie alongisaid coil into the interior of the.

-burnercasingfwhere it impinges on the main v'apniize'r, conduit eonnectin the dis-v `charge- Tend f'of the main vaporizerwith the inlet end of said coil,.a branch conduit lead. ing, from said conduit to the main burner flowthrough. the lcon Afterpassing through 'the boiler the productsy nozzle, vvalve flow through. :said branch, ,and a', valve controlling the.

duit-from the mainwto. the ii'iiixiliafry ijgil'io'rizer.

2. In -c`onibination',` a burner,a nozzle for. supplying fuel Itozthe Iburner under service conditions, 'a starting device for-theburner comprisinga vaporizer for liquid fuel, a

inclosingl casing, a nozzle closely adjacent ..nozzlel connectedthe'rewith, a permanently...

but independ'ei'it'oif the vaporizer nozzle, for,

3. In coinbinatlionda b uriier, a'iii' ain va;q pori-zer arranged 'above the burner, amain nozzle receiving .vapor `from the vaporzer to heat the burner under service Conditions, a starting device for. the burnercomprising a vaporizingr coil for liquidzfuel and a nozzle connected 'therewith which directs its fiaine 5 over the coil, an inclosure for .the iaporizer coilv and nozzle which is fixed rel tive to tli'e `burner and the" main vaporizei means i closely adjacent. the starting'. iiozzlei'for deliveringla jet of air under. pressure to atomize the liquid fuel from the nozzle to forni a flame for initially heatingthe s tartiiig'vaporizer, a vvalvefor .shutting off the air. supply to stop tl-ie atoinizingr actionl after the coil has beeiilieated tosupplyvapor to v the starting nozzle to sustain the starting flame, anda starting cup arranged infc0 operative relation to Athe no zzleA of the start,`

ing -device torig'n'ite its flame.

4. In combination, a burnerhaving a: number of fuel openings, a main: vapoi'izer vcomprising acoiled pipe situated above the fuel openings,.an inclosing,r casing for the burner and .Vaporizer, va nozzle for.delive1=l ing,r fuel freni t he inain vaporizer 'to the burner, an auxiliary, vaporizer including aV helical coil of piping, a cylindrieal'casingfor. the auxiliary vaporizerl and its coil *i 4lwhich isattacliled at. one end to the burner casingrand opens into the region occupied.

,byxtlie main .v'apoi'izer,= an auxiliary nozzlev :axially arranged in the outer end of the auxiliary vaporizer casiiig'u-hich directs its flame alongr the coil into,the bur ner casing :andupon the main `vapoi'izei, a'conduit. con- I-iiecting the discharge "end of the finain va- -porizerfwithtlie inle-t end of 'theauxiliary vaporizer, a. valve for controllingthe flowy from said conduit. to the auxiliary vapoiize'r,

-a branch conduit'leading to the-main burner -nozzle from a point in said conduit between the end of tlie main vaporizer and said sli valve, and a valve for controlling the flowA from the auxiliary. vaporizer to its nozzle.

5. .In combination, a burner having a mixing chamber, a casing for the burner, a.

nozzle adjacent the periphery of the burner casing which discharges fuel into said chamber, a main vaporizer comprising a. 'pipe coiled above the burner witli-one end ing and opening into the region occupied by the main vaporizer, a helical coil within the auxiliary vapoi'izer casing, a starting nozzle axially'arranged in the outer end of the casing adjacent the coil and connected therewith which discharges its flame along said coil to the interior of the burner casing and upon the niaiii vaporizer, a nozzle structure comprising a vertical member having a conduit connected at its upper end with the projecting end of the main vapoiizer coil and at its lower end with the auxiliary va.

porizer coil, a horizontal member projecting from the vertical member intermediate its ends and forming the nozzle proper which receives fu'el from said conduit and delivers it to the burner, a valve for said and a valve for controlling the flow from nozzle, a valve controlling the flow from the' lower end of the conduit to the auxiliary vaporizcr, a valve for controlling the flow from the auxiliary'vaporizer to the starting nozzle, and an igniting device arranged in the auxiliary vaporizer casing adjacent the end of the starting nozzle.

6. In combination, a burner, a fuel supply working -uiider pressure, a nozzle, a vapoi'izer which is arranged above the burner and is connected t-o the said supply at one end and to the nozzle at the other, a starting device for heating the vaporizer which receives fuel from the inain source of supply, and ineaiisindepeiideiit of the fuel supply tank for supplying air under pressure to the starting device.

'i'. In combination, a burner, a fuel tank, a nozzle, a main vaporizer which is adapted tobe heated during operation directly by the flame of the burner and is connected at one end to the tank and at the other end to the nozzlc,a casing for the bnrneizand vaporizcr, an auxiliary vaporizer and nozzle which are connected to and receive fuel from thel inain vaporizer, a connection for supplying air under pressure to the auxiliary nozzle, and an inclosure for the auxiliar);l nozzle which opens into the casing a'nd directs the llame therefrom against the main vaporizer.

S.' Tn combination. a burner, a vaporizcr which is located in the patih of llalne of the burner. a fuel tank nude' air pressure, for. supplying 'uel thereto, a nozzle which is connected to the vaporizer, an auxiliary va porizer, a nozzle which is connected thereto, Van air tank, a connect-ion between the tank and the auxiliary nozzle, and a connec-A tion which receives uel after it passes the main nozzle opening and delivers it to the auxiliary nozzle.

9. In combination, a burner, a main vaporizer super-posed to the burner, a main nozzle for feeding fuel to the burner, a starting device comprising a vaporizer and nozzle, a

connection leading from the main vaporizer at a point beyond the main nozzle to the starting device, a tank independent of the fuel supply for supplyinor air' under pressure to the nozzle of said device for the purpose of starting, and a valve for cut-ting off the air pressure after the system has started into opera-tion.

lt). In combination, a burner, a main vaporizer, a nozzle having a fuel opening, a

member on the nozzle having a substantially vertical .passage connected with said opening, a connection leading from the main vaporizer to the upper end of said passage, an auxiliaryY vaporizer, a connection leading from said passage at a point below the nozzle opening to the auxiliary vaporizer whereby the accumulation of relatively cold fuel in the main nozzle opening is prevented,

said passage to the second connection.

ll. In combination, a burner, a main vaporizer,.an auxiliary y'aporiz'er for starting l purposes, a nozzle, a member on the nozzle provided with a passage which-connects the two vaporizers and has a ftiel opening in one side which supplies the nozzle, means extending into and across said passage for closing the fuel opening without interrupting` the connection between Said vaporizers, and a valve for controlling the flow through said passage from the main vaporizer to the auxiliary vapoi'izei.4

l2. l'n a starting device, the combination of a vaporizer, a source of air under pres-v sure, a nozzle having separate fuel and air openings, connections respectively. between the fuel and air openings and the vaporizer and source of air supply, a starting cup a'iranged adjacent to the nozzle for causing ignition 'of the ai,- and fuel mixture discharged therefrom. means for supporting the starting cup` and means for bringing the 'starting cup and air openings in juxtaposition for extinguishing the flame of the cup.

13. ln combination, a fuel tank under pressure., a vaporizing coil connected`with the tank. a main nozzle, a connection between the vaporizingcoil and the main lnozzle. a valve for said nozzle, an auxiliary Vaporizer, a conduit leading fi'oin the main vaevene '-lie 'system being so arranged that the veporizers are in series relation and they and the nozzles receive fuel from the same source, and a valve Jfor controlling the ow through said 'last named connection to the auxiliary nozzle.

1l. ln combination. a lonrnel, n moin ve porizer adapted to be heatedthereby., e cesing therefor, a nozzle, en auxi lary vaporizer, on auxiliary nozzle which is connected to. both vaporizers, .en incloeure which pernienent-ly surrounds the auxiliary Vaporizer and nozzle and directs the llames from the letter into the easing so that they Will heat the mein vaporizer, and a source of air under pressure for making an inllamlnalole` ofthe second reporizer for controlling tlie vsupply of fuel thereto.

16. The combination of e borneru e mein Vaporizing coll arranged so es to be heated vley the llame of the burner, e, nozzle for sup.-

pllying' vapor to the burner, n starting de- 'vice comprising a 'mporizing coil connected in series with the main coil and a. nozzle for lief-.ting both coils, e. common source oit 'fuel supply for the vaporizing coils, a source of compressed air connected to the nozzle o said Adevice for atomizing liquid fuel to forni 'a flame oi' initially heating its yaporzing coil, seperate valves for controlling` the supply of air and fuel for the startingF device, the air valve being used to shut oil' the reir supply When the storting coil lies been sulficiently heated to supply vapor to its nozzle, and zo storting cup so arranged with respect to the nozzle of seid device es to ignite the itemized fuel.

ln Witness whereof l have hereunto set my hand this twentieth dey of denn-mcy1i AUGUSTUS A. BALL, Je. Witnesses: y

DUGALD lvlol. McKinnon, JOHN J. Wennen. 

